In the US
These are direct 4 foot LED light fixtures. The "bulbs" are not changeable.
I do have the T-8 LED tube replacements. The T-8 replacements do not require any modifications according to their instructions. Unfortunately, these T-8 replacements require a working flourescent ballast an that is what had failed on the previous fixtures, so I could not use these.
As far as I'm aware there are basically two types of LED florescent replacements:
1: You apply voltage across either end of the tube, to do this you remove all the parts from the fitting, and simply apply mains to the ends of the tube. These are the types I bought.
2: The power goes in and out on one end, and then in and out on the other - to make it work you remove the starter, and replace it with a special 'starter' which is just a piece of wire inside shorting the pins together.
So type 1: you remove the ballast and starter etc. and wire direct to the tube. Type 2: you can leave the ballast in place, and simply replace the starter with the shorting link. However, the ballast isn't part of the tubes operation, and is only left there because it means you don't need to make any changes to the fitting. You could remove the ballast, and put a wire in it's place - it has no effect on the operation of an LED tube.
It sounds like the T-8 replacements you got were type 2?, so you simply fit the new 'starter' and short out the old faulty ballast.
Personally I'd recommend what I called 'type 1' above, and strip all the unwanted parts out of the fitting - but either type are fine.
I imagine what you've got are essentially dimmable, so aren't regulated against mains fluctuations, and your mains supply is dipping as the load from your washing machine machine varies.