"How is a circuit tested if a component is removed?" .......
To find the root of the problem, you must find the components responsible for this problem. The only way, without schematics and with the only equipment as a multi-meter, is to remove them one by one, until the short circuit disappeared. If you do not have the skills to do this analysis it is better to address a professional or radical solution to put it in the trash and buy a new one (see responses at the start of the post). sorry for you