I would not know whether the alternator regulator could be changed. There could be significant differences that would make using one regulator on a different alternator very difficult.
With a different alternator the communication to the car simply won't work. The alternator will most likely have a default behaviour if it can't communicate, and that is probably to run at 14.4 V. The car's default behaviour appears to be to idle at the highest speed that it would if the alternator ever asked for more speed.
Without seeing waveforms etc. it's very difficult to know what the car is expecting.
One possible solution that might work would be to connect the regulator from the old alternator so that it can communicate with the car, so that the idle speed is normal, but leave the new alternator actually generating the electricity.