Laser power is set via a 'laser power meter', the setting is VERY, VERY critical, and mis-adjustment easily and quickly destroys the laser diode. It's something which is only set once, mostly these days during manufacture, and should never be touched again.
Obviously there's no 'proper voltage', and it would be really silly to try and adjust one for that - it's adjusted to give the correct power (during manufacture), and that's it.
Very old CD players sometimes required the laser power setting if you replaced the optical assembly, but that's not been the case for a very long time.
The most likely issue is that the laser/optical assembly needs replacing, it's by far the most common problem with CD Players.
Bear in mind you've most probably lost nothing, the laser/optical assembly is probably duff anyway, so making it worse is no loss.