That is the same for most circuits connected to the mains.
The fan circuit contains a low voltage supply, which runs the processor, labelled MCU1. That supply will most likely be 3.3 V or 5 V, so there is 3.3 V or 5 V between the +ve (Vdd) and -ve (Vss) of that supply. The voltage between the -ve of that supply and ground could be a wide range of voltages, and it may depend on which way round the plug is connected.
The voltage between the -ve of the supply and ground doesn't really matter because nothing is connected between those two points. The 3.3 V or 5 V is important because that processor runs from that supply.
I think that the relay has a better chance of working if connected to the -ve (Vss) instead of Vdd in your post #24. Also I suggest common connected to Vss and the touch pin connected to NC.