You really shouldn't get too much involved. A 4-wire receptacle for a 240 V appliance would be helpful. Oven, dryer, stove. You could measure there.
But for purposes of illustration, take the photo of a breaker panel here: **broken link removed**
Power is fed at the base of the box in this scenereo.
there are basically 4 wires.
Ground, going to the enclosure. (G)
Then two large wires essentially in breaker space. These are the 120 out of phase lines; Call them L1 and L2. A 240 V breaker takes a feed from each side.
Then you see a black wire taped white which is neutral. (N)
Note that there is a main breaker for the panel.
So in this scenereo, you should have:
240 between L1 & L2
120 between L1 and G and L1 and N
120 between L2 and G and L2 and N
Very little voltage between G and N.
Now some notes. A typical house has a single panel, but may include "sub-panels". Furthermore, these "sub-panels" can be put in a "detached structure" and "attached structure".
"detached structure" would be a stand-alone garage or shed.
"Attached structure" would be a garage as part of the house.
These are wired "dfferently"
"Detached" panels keep the ground and neutral totally separated from each other in the panel.
The main panel doesn't care. Ground and neutral are the same bus,
Your trailer is probably thought of as a "detached structure", so my guess is ground and neutral would be separate and isolated,
There would be a ground rod (Earth) at your panel.
The point is, ground and neutral need to be joined at only one point.
so re-labing stuff as L1, L2, Neutral, Protective ground and Earth things may make more sense.
The "ground rod" or earth is mostly out of the picture.
Panels are classified as "main lug" and "Main breaker". The main lug type of panel does not have a breaker that turns off all of the power.
A "main breaker" type of panel needs an extra set of ground connections and needs the neutral to ground bond connection broken.
So, you can tell what happened by opening the main panel to your trailer because G, N, Earth L1 and L2 are easily identified/