Firstly im not saying this is a problem, i just want to know what exactly causes it.
When you unplug a charger its still making the transformer pitch sound but it’s instead going high and high in pitch until a buzz is heard and then the sound stops. This lasts 10 seconds. What causes it?
I think it might because there is still a lot of electricity in the capacitor of its internal circuit when you are unplug a charger, it will be released through the circuit components after the charger is powered off.
The input cap after the AC rectifier has to be more than large enough to maintain the working DC voltage in to the switched mode section, through AC half cycles, at full load.
If the device is not loaded, the power used internally could be eg. a hundredth or a thousandth of the maximum through power, and decreasing as the cap voltage falls, so they can take a while to fully discharge and shut down.
It has to be large enough to do it's job, it's only small because the power requirements of the charger are very small - hence when you unplug it, it slowly discharges, and as the voltage drops the switch-mode controller tries to maintain the output voltage, so the frequency changes as it does. Eventually the voltage is too low, and the switch-mode controller switches off.