What you'd need to do is decide on how many channels, so to speak, you want. You'd also need to decide on what you'll use to trigger the lights - amplitude of sound or frequency or both.
Things I might consider is whether or not to go from fully "off" to fully "on" as you might get with relays. Now with diodes and relays you could go to a half power mode (if AC to the lights) - diode in series with power keeps filaments warm/hot but maybe not lit. Maybe theres some sense to modulating a string of lights from dimmer to brighter for a better effect rather than just on/off.
A thought might be to separate the music with filters into bands then run each string from dim to bright based on the momentary amplitude of a particular band. This might be something to evolve to - build the filters to trigger relays then develop it to drive some sort of PWM or linear power control for each channel. You'd probably run AC if you used triacs but might use DC (at line voltage) with other methods.
Back to the bulbs, you may be able to make the initial pulse a bit higher when the light comes on, than you would normally run the filament at without hurting the bulbb too much. Let me explain a little. When the bulb is at design max continuous voltage it will shine brightly if the applied voltage is at that constantly. You might take the voltage up above that by 5 or 10% but only for a few milliseconds - enough to put a little more twinkle in it - then drop the voltage for the rest of the "on" cycle to the rated voltage. That would require some additional work but maybe the PIC can do that easily.
Does sound like a fun project. Too late for this Christmas but something to work on for next.