The 10 µs delay will not matter if it is between pulses. There is no upper limit for times between pulses.
The short pulses have to be between 1 µs and 15 µs
The internal pull-up inside the controller will probably provide too little current. If you do not provide enough pull-up current, the data line will not rise quickly enough at the end of each pulse. I would have the 4.7 kΩ pull up until you get it working. Then disconnect it. If you can still read the temperature, that's great. If not, put the resistor back on.
Reading temperature from a DS18B20 is a complicated procedure. If you haven't got an oscilloscope to make sure that your controller is doing the right thing, it makes things really difficult.
I would suggest you try to read the ROM on the DS182B20 first. That is easier, and you can be sure that it works by trying a different DS18B20 as each one has a different ROM value.