ordinary diodes are used mostly on low frequencies like ac line rectification, dc blocking, back emf, etc while high speed ones are used in high frequencies like dc to dc converters, detectors, smps etc
Do some Googling, look at some componant suppliers websites like RS componants, Farnell, Rapid electronics, search for data sheets. This sort of information is pretty easy to find and you'll learn a lot more in the process.
Tunnel Diodes may be fast recovery but they have other surprising features which you may not be prepared to handle. Be careful. Fast recovery is a very specific behavior which is achieved by processing.
Fast and ultrafast signal diodes are not neccasarily tunnel diodes. Schottky diodes can also be fast diodes, but as Papabravo said how they're constructed is more important than what the basic type of device is, as the actual semi-conductor geometry is what influences the recover charactoristics of a diode. You might want to determine how fast you need your recovery to be and then try to pick the proper type of diode to chose after that.