I haven't seen any specific description of the USB converter. There are basically three general possibilities. I'm going to use the CH340 USB–serial chip as an example, but the same comments apply to FTDI, Prolific and other chips.
● USB – UART Adapter
USB --> CH340 --> 3.3 or 5 volt to micro. This type of adapter is used to get a serial connection between a microcontroller and a computer.
● USB – RS232 Adapter
USB --> CH340 --> MAX232 Chip --> RS232 Device
This type of adapter provides a serial connection between an RS232 device and computer. Usually uses DB9 connector, and signal levels are inverted compared to a UART signal and typically are –12v / +12v although these levels vary widely.
● USB – RS422/RS485 Adapter
USB --> CH340 --> RS485 Driver Chip --> RS422/RS485 Device
This type of adapter provides a serial connection between two or more devices using a differential pair of wires for noise immunity. Rather than the low/high signaling levels of RS232, the difference in levels between the two wires in a pair determine if a bit is high or low. It is fundamentally different than RS232 and requires a different driver chip.
The same CH340 chip provides the USB–Serial interface for these three different technologies. It's what follows the CH340 that determines what the communication mode will be. If the adapter doesn't have an RS485 chip, no driver or tick mark in the computer is going to make it work.