The Inductive Sensor is an PNP Type. That means the positive Voltage will be Switched to the Output when something Iron is in Sensor Range.
10...30V is to much for an normal Microcontroller Input.
You can insert a Voltage Divider consisting of Resistors.
But I'll suggest You to use an Optocoupler to get a galvanic Isolation from Sensor Circuit to the Microcontroller Input.
What's about the Link to the MT-201 Engeneering Sheet - I don't understand what you wanna do with.
An ATMEGA 16 is'nt an FPGA ?!
Give us more Information, and don't make a quiz.