Low RPM High Torque Motor

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cooperhow

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Hello all,

I am planning to either put together or buy a low RPM, high torque electric motor.

Specs:
RPM: 10-20 (if variable)
Power: sufficient to lift 5kg
Input power: AC (DC is also a possibility.)

Do you have any recommendations for what I would need (motor, resistor, transformer, etc) and best places to look?

Thanks!
 
You would need to tell us how fast the load is to be lifted, or what the pulley or wheel diameter. One of those is needed to know how much torque is needed.

Motors are almost always much faster than 20 rpm. Anything that slow usually includes a gearbox to reduce the speed and increase the torque.
 
This is the closest setup I can come up with at a reasonable cost, without going to such as electric wheelchair motors..

A decent geared motor:

2 x 12V high torque DC Kinmore gear motors | eBay

You will receive 2 motors. Shaft direction: left or right. On loadtorque: 20kg.
www.ebay.co.uk

You would have to add some kind of winding drum and a timing belt reduction from the motor to the winding drum.

eg. Using 8mm bore 12 tooth and 60 tooth pulleys plus a suitable belt would give a further 5:1 reduction

5M HTD Timing Pulley 5mm pitch 20mm Belt Width Smooth Idler Drive Spring Clamp | eBay

THESE 20mm belt width 5M ALUMINIUM HTD TIMING PULLEYS ARE WIDELY USED IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, DIY USE SUCH AS, CNC MACHINES AND OTHER TRANSMISSION APPLICATIONS. ALL PULLEYS ARE COMPATIBLE WITH 20MM WIDE 5M TIMING BELTS.
www.ebay.co.uk

The output shaft would be some 8mm ground rod

SILVER STEEL GROUND SHAFT ROD ROUND 2MM 3MM 4MM 5MM 6MM 7MM 8MM 9MM 10MM 12MM 20 | eBay

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION. Silver Steel Round bar ground and polished. CAN BE HEAT TREATED 810 DEG C THEN QUENCH IN WATER OR OIL 58-63 Rc. SILVER STEEL. Just select from the drop down box above sizes from 1mm-20mm.
www.ebay.co.uk

Running on 8mm pillow blocks:

KP Pillow Block Bearing 8mm 10mm 12mm 16mm 20mm 25mm 30mm Bore Shaft Housing UK | eBay

KP SERIES BEARINGS ARE WIDELY USED IN INDUSTRIAL MACHINES AND OTHER DIY PROJECTS. KP 08 - 8mm Bore for 8mm Shaft. KP 000 - 10mm Bore for 10mm Shaft. KP 001 - 12mm Bore for 12mm Shaft. KP 002 - 15mm Bore for 15mm Shaft.
www.ebay.co.uk

That give a maximum speed of ~30 rpm on the output shaft, which can be lowered using a 12V speed controller or lower voltage power source.

The geared motor is rated at 20Kg-cm and with the 5:1 belt reduction the final torque would be 100Kg-cm absolute maximum, so well above the minimum needed.

As long as you use a reasonably small diameter winding drum on the output shaft, it should lift 5Kg easily and have a decent operating life. Choose the drum diameter and motor voltage to get an appropriate winding speed.
 
I have used ex automotive motors from a wreckers yard, I recently picked up some nice NEW surplus seat motors, complete with GB.
Regardless, I would go with DC every time, the control method choices are many.
 
MaxHeadRoom78 said:
I have used ex automotive motors from a wreckers yard, I recently picked up some nice NEW surplus seat motors, complete with GB.
Regardless, I would go with DC every time, the control method choices are many.
Click to expand...
There was a very famous Robot Wars contestant - if I recall correctly, he was the first person to incorporate self righting.

I can't remember his name, and he's sadly dead now, but he built props and technical gear for films, museums etc.

One of his most commonly used parts were old car windscreen wiper motors. Even though he often over-drove them at 24V, he'd never had one fail, and he had a LOT out there running all kinds of moving displays.
 
Nigel, was that Rex Garrod?

Also, on windscreen wiper motors, even Ford repurposed them. I had a 1978 Transit with a Diesel engine. The fuel shut-off lever on the injector pump was operated by a repurposed wiper motor. It had an extra switch added to give it two park positions, so turning on the ignition would make it move to one end and stop there, and turning off the ignition would move it back to the start. A Bowden cable connected the output rod to the injector pump.
 
This is a current motor available at a Canadian Surplus Co, they have an outlet close to me and currently have a clearance on of this NEW geared 12vdc motor for CAN$4.00


 
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RPM: 10-20 & 5 kg is not sufficient to define any motor/gear solution. You must define acceleration , range and kinetic energy,
 
If you want to lift 5kg up 1 meter in 10 seconds then (in theory) your doing (mass*gravity*height) 5*9.81*1 = ~50 joules worth of work. As it's in 10 seconds then it's 5 Joules per second which is 5W. Due to inefficiencies you will probably have to double that. That still seems a very low figure which makes me think I've done something wrong, can someone check this?

Mike.
 
MaxHeadRoom78 said:
This is a current motor available at a Canadian Surplus Co, they have an outlet close to me and currently have a clearance on of this NEW geared 12vdc motor for CAN$4.00


View attachment 139028
Click to expand...
The only surplus co in Canada that comes to mind is Princess Auto. The original store sold surplus is in my home town of Winnipeg. It was THE male testosterone store for tools. Now there are 50 stores and 0.1% of it is surplus.

Only a few stores have stock so put in *** for the postal code

Pommie , perhaps you are too optimistic on max power transfer. and speed load regulation and power to accelerate and overcome friction.
 
Tony Stewart said:
Pommie , perhaps you are too optimistic on max power transfer. and speed load regulation and power to accelerate and overcome friction.
Click to expand...
That's why I put "(in theory)". Do you see anything wrong with the (simplistic) calculations?

Mike.
 
Nigel Goodwin said:
Yes it was, well remembered
Click to expand...
My curiosity led me to look up Rex Garrod, who also supported the TV series with models or demos in "The Secret Life of Machines" with Tim Hunkin. So I watched the last episide of the 1st season. "The Secret Life of the Radio Set" where they discuss the primitive fundamentals of electronics with a humourous cartoon of Marconi growing up in Italy. But the episode closes with a masterful pyramid of old TVs, all operating with pyrotechnics. (lol)

The Secret Life of Machines​




I use Stremio.exe to find and watch all TV shows and Movies with extra bandwidth from RealDebrid ($)
 
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Energy = Force * Distance E = F * x + Friction power * time = 1/2 mv² ( kinetic energy at any time)
Force = Mass * Acceleration + Friction force = F = m a + Kf
This might accelerate the mass to some speed but you also have to slow it down to stop it or rely on friction.

Force = Torque / Radius , gear ratio translates motor to object such that Torque*speed is constant with losses.
Torque is also proportional to current which is initially Is= V+/ Rdc (or DCR) then reduces with Vemf
T= k I
The motor will have a curve or Torque vs speed. with max power at 50% speed perhaps..

x=1/2*(vi+vf)*t distance is average change in velocity * time
a= (vf²-vi²) / 2x acceleration is the change in kinetic energy or velocity squared over distance traveled
 
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I used potential energy (M*G*H of the final position) to simplify the equation and to get work done. That gives 50 Joules of work done in 10 seconds. That's 5 Joules/second or 5 Watts. Even allowing for only 50% efficiency it's still only 10 Watts to lift 5kg at 0.1 m/s. Seems low to me but I can't see any error. Using acceleration and kinetic energy etc. seemed a little complicated.

I only work in S.I. units. Can this be calculated in US (imperial?) units and does it give the same answer?

Mike.
 
I also only work in SI units as well but it's more complicated with efficiency, friction, time, speed and heat loss



for h= 1 m
m = 5 kg , g=9.8 m/s²
PE= mgh = 49 J
KE= mv²/2
But to move at a constant speed v against gravity must apply a force to oppose gravity and change it's potential energy, PE for some time duration.

I'll let you work it out. But the energy must be increased if you have to start and stop the kinetic energy.

Work-Energy theorem [The Physics Travel Guide]

physicstravelguide.com
 
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Work done is work done. Trying to work out efficiency, friction, time(10S), speed(0.1m/s) and heat loss(friction again?) etc. is impossible and has to be a guess. Hence my estimation of ~(approximately)50J*2.

Mike.
 
Hello all,
I suggest you look at 12V Automotive motors, switch and PTC thermal cutout. Such as Windshield wiper motors. ESC speed controls work best or learn how to PWM and change directions on a full FET bridge. But that requires you to have access to a car junk yard or Princess Auto as maxheadroom suggested.

https://www.princessauto.com/en/12v-dc-right-gear-motor/product/PA0009037466
Only a few stores have stock so put in *** for the postal code
 
Have you considered a robotics supply store?
 
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