Yup, RFID is what they use in books at the bookstore to prevent you from walking out the door with a book.
They are little pieces of paper that look like they have lots of coiled metal traces on them that are stickered on the inside cover of the book, or just slid in between the pages of the book.
What do you mean it the tag should store data to recognize the transmitter? If anything it should be the transmitter that recognizes the tag. Each tag can have it's own special signature and several bits of data or something with it when it reradiates the signal sent out by the transmitter.