Good Morning, I am fixing my bike light and looking for some guidance / knowledge of what this switch is called. (please see the images below) It's the aluminium coloured one in the middle. I've seen it acts like a popper switch, with a rubber switch operating it. It's suffered damage and needs replacing but have no clue what to search for to find one!
It is called a "dome switch" or "metal dome switch" or "tactile dome switch". It is a little piece of stamped and hardened steel gives it a quick spring click when enough force is applied.
Tactile metal domes, made of stainless steel, are momentary switch contacts that become normally open tactile switches when used in conjunction with a printed, flex or rigid circuit.