You really ought to do a little research about the I2C bus. No offense, but you're way off in several areas, and it gives the impression that you don't even know the basics of the protocol - which you really need to know in order to implement it correctly. I2C isn't an incredibly complicated bus, however you have to realize that it's not like (for example) rs232 where you can just pump bytes out anytime you feel like it - there's a distinct master/slave relationship, and communication is more controlled. It's more work to deal with, but since the whole point is that it's a bus that many devices can be connected to, it's necessary for there to be control and arbitration.
The specification:
https://www.electro-tech-online.com/custompdfs/2007/02/39340011.pdf
You should probably clarify whether these proprietary I2C routines you are using are actually using the hardware modules, or bit-banging things, etc... Since I don't use MikroC I have no idea what they are actually doing.
Where to begin...
First, yes, you need to use an address, every packet starts with the master addressing a certain slave.
Second, I2C is bi-directional, both devices need to be able to drive the data line, and in some cases the slave needs to be able to control the clock line temporarily as well. Your schematic shows transistors as buffers, making that impossible.
Third, you have your slave sending start and stop conditions, sending data when the master isn't requesting it, and apparently generating a clock signal - basically acting all on its own - these are ALL wrong. The master always generates the clock signal (except in the special case of clock stretching, and that's only temporary), the master generates all start/stop conditions, and the slave never does anything unless the master is telling it to - even when the master is reading from the slave, it still starts the transaction to request data.
There's also a lot of other things you need to consider, especially on the slave side (in short, the slave needs to be responsive as fast as possible any time the master requests anything), but you need to fix these more important issues and understand the bus better before you deal with those...