LukeKnepp

Member
Hello all,
I am working on a circuit and have come up against. It is a kind of version of the Hulda Clark Zapper, using a 9V battery to produce around a 30kHz PWM signal... I want to detect with my PIC12F1571 microcontroller when the zapper output is connected to a person and when it is not.
The PWM signal is produced by the PIC12F1571 and connected to the input of the IX4310 MOSFET driver. Then there is a 1k ohm series resistor to the output. The INA180A4 is a 200V/V current sensing amplifier, and it's connected across this series resistor, and the output of the current sensing circuit has an RC filter and is then connected to an ADC pin on the PIC12F1571...
My theory being when a person has the + and - leads connected to them, there will be a small current flowing through the circuit, then the INA180A4 detects it, the ADC readings go up, and we know there is a person touching it...
I have tested with a version of this circuit with the 100V/V INA180A3 and a 3.3V Zener diode for the power supply instead of a regulator...
However the voltage regulation was not very good and since I'm using VCC as the positive reference for the ADC on the PIC, the readings were very inaccurate... I just redesigned the circuit and am planning to make new samples to test out...

My question is...
Is this the best way to do this? Is there a much simpler way that I am missing?
 
your approach seems reasonable, but there are a few areas you can optimize for simplicity and accuracy. Instead of using a current sensing amplifier like the INA180A4, you might consider using a simple voltage divider or resistor network to detect the small voltage drop when a person completes the circuit. This would reduce the complexity of needing an additional current sensing component and an ADC for detection.

Alternatively, a capacitance-based touch sensor could be more reliable for detecting human touch with fewer components, as the body’s capacitance changes when in contact with the zapper. You could use a simple capacitive touch sensing IC connected to the PIC microcontroller for a more direct and potentially more accurate approach.
 
you might consider using a simple voltage divider or resistor network to detect the small voltage drop when a person completes the circuit.
I tried this already and the change in voltage is not enough to detect with the 10 bit ADC.
You could use a simple capacitive touch sensing IC connected to the PIC microcontroller for a more direct and potentially more accurate approach.
I've never used a capacitive touch sensor, it looks like the AT42QT1012 would be a good choice, but will it work okay with a PWM signal continuously applied to the sense input?
 
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