It is NOT a comparator - it's an amplifier with some filtering.
This is a single-supply circuit; for it to be able to handle both positive and negative signals, the "zero" reference point needs to be around half the supply voltage.
The ADC negative signal in would connect to the 1.65V ref, then the positive in can swing either positive or negative from that.
If it were made for a dual supply, eg. + and - 15V, all the 1.65V points would then be grounded; 0V.
That's what the output signa is centred around.