The CAD draftsman who laid out this board should be obligated to troubleshoot one himself; it is horrible!
Not only many labels are placed on top of solder joints, obscuring characters, but there are components without labels. For instance, the ceramic cap on the bottom left corner.
And the “mystery device” is labeled as a “P”, which means exactly… what? A photodiode? Unlikely as it doesn’t seem to have a transparent window.
EDIT: it goes to the center pin of the voltage regulator. Which in a 7805 is ground.