First, remove all modified components and replace with original values.
Now, does the new PCB still blow the fuse?
If yes? Then your new PCB design/layout is faulty.
If no? Then substitute a variable resistor (preset at ~2K) for R9 not R10.
I think ...
1) R10 is used in the Voltage Setpoint & the FEEDBACK Compensation Gain/Phase calculations.
2) R9 is only used in the Voltage Setpoint calculations.
You do not want to change the Feedback Compensation circuit with a variable resistor as this can make the PWM unstable.
What is the new Voltage that you are attempting to regulate to?
Is your new Duty Cycle exceeding 50% ?