There is a recent thread on another forum about conductive flux residue. Apparently some of the no-clean and/or water-washable fluxes can conduct. I do not see the connection between that and solder resist. Without solder resist, wouldn't the flux still be there unless it is cleaned off? Can the boards by cleaned ultrasonically?
John
Edit: Didn't read everything in the link. But what I read seemed to say that resist alone can cause faults in the soldering (e.g., balling), which can cause shorts. Since it is mentioned several times, I would take it seriously. Moreover, there doesn't seem to be a way to fix such things once they happen. So, it is an and/or situation.
If the problem is caused only by conductive flux, then cleaning (if possible) might help.