An interesting question.
I think the answer is "It all depends on the application".
On an oscilloscope, like this ancient Telequipment D75 from the 1970s,
The 1, 2, 5, 10 sequence is good.
When measurements are made by interpolating the position of the trace in a graticule with a 1cm (usually) grid, knowing that the size of the grid is 1, 2 or 5 volts, makes mental calculations easier for those of us who are "mental arithmetic challenged".
If the 1cm graticule represented 2.5 or 3 volts, life can get difficult.
However where meters are involved, the 1, 3, 10 sequence has advantages.
Look at this Hewlett Packard signal generator, the output level switch and the meter.
,
The switch is ordered in a 1, 3, 10 sequence, as is the meter.
But look closely at the 0 - 3 meter scale, full scale is actually has 3.2 corresponding to 10 on the 0 - 10 scale.
The reason is the dBm scale.
Note that the outer edge of the switch is calibrated is steps of 10 dBm.
Doing the maths
0dBm in 50 Ohms is 0.224 volts
+10 dBm in 50 Ohms is 0.71 volts
-10 dBm in 50 Ohms is 0.071 volts.
Note that on the meter scales 0.224 on the 0 - 3 scale, lines up with 7.1 on the 0 - 10 scale, and so the -10 to +3 dBm scale always reads correctly.
Now look at the meter and switch on this Marconi Instruments Distortion Factor Meter,
Again there is a 1, 3, 10 sequence to the ranges
Like the signal generator, the 3 scale is actually a 3.2 scale.
Also, there is a dBm scale on the meter and the switch,
but this time 0 dBm corresponds to 0.775v
+10dBm corresponds to 2.45v
and -10 dBm corresponds to 0.245v
These values are quite different from the scales on the signal generator.
The reason is that this item is intended for audio applications, not RF applications.
RF people work in 50 Ohm circuits (usually) and AF people work in 600 Ohm circuits (usually). There are exceptions in both cases.
So, as I said earlier, it all depends on the application.
JimB