Hi, I want to start making circuits, but I'm finding the circuit diagrams to be very confusing. For example, in the audio amplifier attached, I don't know what the upside down triangles are, I don't know where the - of the audio input goes, where the - of the voltage input goes, or what I connect the - of the speaker to. If someone could explain the diagram to me, that would be awesome, thanks. **broken link removed**
Hi, I want to start making circuits, but I'm finding the circuit diagrams to be very confusing. For example, in the audio amplifier attached, I don't know what the upside down triangles are, I don't know where the - of the audio input goes, where the - of the voltage input goes, or what I connect the - of the speaker to. If someone could explain the diagram to me, that would be awesome, thanks. **broken link removed**
The symbol is ground (circuit common) and all points with that symbol are tied together with a wire (or sometimes a copper plane on a circuit board) for all the return connections. The symbol is just a shorthand way to indicate these common connections without cluttering up the schematic with a bunch of extra wires.
The LM383 is obsolete and has not been made for 12 yerars.
The schematic you found on Aaron Cake's site has errors like most of his old schematics that I have not corrected yet.
I suggest that you select modern parts that are still being manufactured and use the circuit (and pcb design) that is shown on the manufacturer's datasheet.