That looks suspiciously like a "Constant voltage" (ferro resonant) transformer, a very specialised type of transformer, that's probably not suitable for any other use?
It may not be, but that construction style is quite unusual and distinctive?
eg.
Global provider of specialty ferroresonant transformers, including Constant Voltage Normal (CVN) and Constant Voltage Sinusoidal (CVS) transformers.
www.shapellc.com
Ferroresonant Transformers are also known as Constant-Voltage Transformers (CVT). A CVT regulates its secondary voltage typically within a few percent.