Bear in mind that I dont know what you have not got, and I dont know how bad the stuff is at Rat Shack.
I suggest:
1/4 watt resistors, 10 of each of the common values
capacitors, 0.1uF ceramics for decoupling, 1uf, 10uf, 100 uf electrolytics for general use.
General purpose transistors eg 2N2222, maybe some power transistors 2N3055 or BD132 etc.
Diodes 1N4007 for power and 1N4148 for small signal, maybe a few 400mW zeners in a range of voltages.
Take the opportunity to build up a stock of reasonable quality "common stuff".
JimB