You only have to go back a few hundred years to look at how such as carpenters and stonemasons worked; nothing but hand tools - which they generally had to make themselves, hence the old "Bad workmen blame their tools" saying.
Look at thinks like the old stone buildings in England and Europe, with blocks hand-cut to amazing precision.
A lot of skills like that have simply been forgotten when they were no longer required, due to mechanisation and power tools.