Use 6 small npn transistors with the emiter to ground, connect a 470 ohm in series with a led to each transistor's colector to the +ve line. Now connect a 2,2k resistor to each transistor base. Now find 5 zener diodes with aprox. equal value spacing between 5,1v and 8,5v (eg. 5.1 5.6 6.2 7.5 and 8.5) you can adjust values later. Connect these zeners in reverse bias in series with the 2,2k resistors to the base of the transistors. 1º transistor no zener, 2º 5.1, 3º 5.6...... 6º 7.5. Connect the cathodes of these zeners together with the base resistor of the 1º tr. You now have 6 leds that will be triggered by a raising voltage in the "base node". Now connect a 470 uF 25V electrolytic capacitor - to ground, + in series with a 10Kohm trimmer to +ve line, connect a 1n4001 diode in paralell with the trimmer cathode to +ve 12v, anode to capacitor side. When you power up, the capacitor slowly charges through the trimmer and fast discharges through the diode. Now connect the "base node" to the capacitor, trimmer, diode junction.
System theory: when the system is energised, the 470uF capacitor charges through the trimmer, as it reaches the zener voltages, it triggers the transistors. The 1º transistor does not have a zener so it lights up almost immideatly. You can regulate the speed by adjusting the trimmer. When you power down the capacitor quickly discharges through the diode. The system is ready for next cycle.
I hope you understand. Pardon my spelling.