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If you think that's rubbish then you are quite ignorant about transistor operation and aren't qualified to be making comments about them.This is totally unrelated to the topic: "The transistor gain (beta or Hfe) value is for small signal linear applications, not switching." And it's rubbish.
A 12k resistor will deliver about 1mA. A 1k2 will deliver 10mA to the base. The cct is asking for 1mA.
Colin, please read the datasheet of every transistor where they spec the max saturation voltage when the base current is blasted at 1/10th or 1/20th the collector current.This is totally unrelated to the topic: "The transistor gain (beta or Hfe) value is for small signal linear applications, not switching." And it's rubbish.
Please do not talk rubbish. The transistor is used as a saturated switch, not as a small signal amplifier so it needs the base current (1/10th its collector current) that is listed in its specs. European transistors (BCxcxx) with a very high gain have their max saturation voltage loss spec'd with a base current that is 1/20th the collector current.This is totally unrelated to the topic: "The transistor gain (beta or Hfe) value is for small signal linear applications, not switching." And it's rubbish.